The Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly ingrained in our daily lives. IoT modems play a crucial role in connecting IoT devices to networks, facilitating the transformation of how we engage with our surroundings.
IoT modems play a vital role in the IoT system by facilitating data communication for IoT devices. Without these modems, the data generated by IoT devices would be isolated and the connectivity essential for IoT operation would be lost.
The global market for IoT modems is full of key players, each providing a variety of products to suit different needs in sectors like healthcare and manufacturing. This article explores the major manufacturers, their contributions, and the impact they have on the future of IoT. Get ready for a fascinating look into the world of IoT modems.
How do IoT Modem Gateway and Cellular IoT SIM Cards Communicate with Each Other?
In IoT design, industrial internet modems and IoT SIM cards exchange data using a sophisticated process. Modems connect devices to the internet by converting digital data into signals suitable for transmission over various lines. The communication between IoT modems and SIM cards is akin to that between a mobile phone and its SIM card. A simplified explanation is provided:
1. Device Identification: An IoT device with a modem recognises the SIM card as the initial step in communication. The modem retrieves details from the SIM card, such as the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) number.
2. Device Registration: The modem registers on a mobile network using SIM card data, communicating with a cellular base station within the wider network.
3. Data Transmission: After registration, the modem is capable of transmitting and receiving data through the network. This information is sent and received via the Internet to and from a designated server.
4. Connectivity to IoT Platform: The information transmitted by the modem is usually aimed at an IoT platform or server, where it is analysed and utilised.
5. Command Response: The IoT platform has the capacity to transmit instructions to the IoT device through the modem and SIM card. The modem then executes these instructions accordingly.
The SIM card is a secure element that identifies the device on the network, and the modem handles communication. The SIM card also has security features that protect the identity of the device and the integrity of the data being transmitted.
Which Protocols do IoT Cellular Modems Use?
IoT modems and IoT SIM cards utilise different protocols to communicate. Here are some primary ones to consider.
1. GSM, or Global System for Mobile Communications, is a standard created by ETSI in Europe for 2G digital cellular networks on mobile devices.
2. GPRS is a packet-based mobile data standard found on 2G and 3G networks.
3. EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution), also called Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), is a digital mobile phone technology that enables faster data transmission rates.
4. 3G (Third Generation) standards are used for mobile devices and services that meet the IMT-2000 specifications set by the International Telecommunication Union.
5. 4G/LTE is the fourth generation of high-speed mobile network technology that follows 3G.
6. NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) is a radio technology standard designed for connecting various devices and services using cellular telecommunications bands with low power consumption.
7. LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) is intended for expansive private networks with an emphasis on minimal power consumption.
8. 5G is the most recent generation of mobile communications, following on from 4G, 3G, and 2G systems.
The protocol chosen varies depending on the IoT device type, its intended purpose, data communication needs, and network infrastructure.
What is the Role of AT Commands and What Role do they Play in IoT SIM Card Operation?
AT commands, also referred to as Attention commands, are a series of instructions to manage modems. They are part of the Hayes command set, which was created by Hayes Microcomputer Products. The term “AT” stands for “attention,” and all command lines begin with “AT” or “at.”
When it comes to IoT SIM cards and modems, AT commands are essential for enabling communication between the IoT device and the network.
1. Usage of AT commands: Enables management of IoT device features such as power control, data connections, and more.
2. Network communication: AT commands are utilised for setting up and managing the network connection. They can verify network registration status, signal power, data transmission, and also dispatch SMS messages.
3. Hardware Setup: AT commands are also utilised for configuring modem hardware. This may involve adjusting baud rate, flow control, or selecting the preferred cellular technology (e.g. 2G, 3G, 4G).
4. Error Handling: AT commands enable the modem to provide error reports, essential for troubleshooting and ensuring the IoT device operates reliably.
To summarise, AT commands allow developers and devices to communicate and control IoT modems and SIM cards, maximising the hardware and network’s functionalities.
Understanding IoT Modems
Prior to discussing the leading companies in the IoT modem industry, it is essential to comprehend the function of an IoT modem and its significance in the IoT network. Put simply, an IoT modem facilitates communication between IoT devices and the internet. These modems are tailored to meet the specific needs of IoT applications, which typically involve transmitting and receiving small data packets across long distances, often in harsh conditions.
The main role of an IoT modem is to enable communication between devices by converting digital signals to analog signals for transmission and vice versa. This two-way communication allows IoT devices to send data to the cloud for analysis and receive commands or updates in response.
Various IoT modems are tailored to specific applications. LTE-M and NB-IoT modems are suitable for wide area, low power networks and are best for devices needing to transmit small data amounts over long distances, like smart meters and asset trackers.
Conversely, Low Range (LoRaWAN) and Sigfox modems are created for low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN) purposes where devices must transmit minimal data over distance without using excessive power. Suitable for uses such as monitoring the environment or IoT applications in agriculture, especially in areas that are inaccessible or remote.
Knowing the various types of IoT modems and their purposes is crucial when exploring the IoT modem industry. This understanding helps in recognising the contributions of each manufacturer to the market and the specific benefits they bring to different IoT uses.
The Major Players in the IoT Modem Market
Having grasped the concept and operation of IoT modems, we can now focus on the leading companies in the IoT modem sector. These manufacturers play a crucial role in the IoT industry, offering distinct solutions to address the changing demands of IoT applications.
1. Sierra Wireless
Sierra Wireless, a Canadian company, designs and produces various IoT modems such as LTE-M and NB-IoT. Their products are popular for their durability, longevity, and strong network performance, making them a top choice for IoT uses.
2. Gemalto
Gemalto, under Thales ownership, is a Dutch producer of digital security goods and services, such as IoT modems. Their modems prioritise security by offering end-to-end encryption and sophisticated authentication methods for safeguarding data transfer.
3. Qualcomm
Qualcomm, a global leader in semiconductor technology, provides various IoT modems like LTE-M, NB-IoT, and 5G. Their modems are known for superior performance, energy efficiency, and advanced feature support.
4. U-Blox
U-Blox is a Swiss company that produces wireless chips and modules for consumer, automotive, and industrial use, including IoT modems for LPWAN. Their modems are known for being reliable, energy-efficient, and compact.
5. Huawei
Huawei, a Chinese tech company, offers a variety of IoT modems for smart homes, cities, and industrial automation. Their modems are recognised for their high performance, expandability, and ability to work with various network technologies.
These five companies are a small part of the IoT modem sector, yet they hold significant influence. Sierra Wireless offers durable modems, Gemalto prioritises security, and Qualcomm provides advanced features. They will be pivotal in shaping the future of IoT development.